PTM-50 Plant Physiological and Ecological Monitoring System

foreword

The PTM-50 plant physiological and ecological monitoring system is an upgraded version of the original PTM-48A, which can automatically monitor the photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, physiological growth status, and environmental factors of plants for a long time, thereby obtaining comprehensive information about plants.

Main functional features

·The system has four automatic opening and closing leaf chambers, which can obtain the CO2 and H2O exchange rates of the blades within 20 seconds.

·The system comes standard with one digital channel connected to the RTH-50 multifunctional sensor (which can measure total radiation, photosynthetically active radiation, air temperature&humidity, dew point temperature, etc.).

·The analysis unit has been upgraded to dual channel measurement, and the new PTM-50 has been upgraded from a previous analyzer for time-sharing measurement to two independent analyzers, which can measure the concentration difference between the reference gas and the sample gas in real time, enhancing the tolerance to environmental CO2 and H2O fluctuations and making the data more stable and reliable.

·The optional plant physiological indicator monitoring sensor transmits data wirelessly and can be independently connected to a PC for more flexible deployment.

·It can be equipped with a chlorophyll fluorescence automatic monitoring module for real-time monitoring of chlorophyll fluorescence.

·The system achieves wireless communication and networking through 2.4GHz RF and 3G.

The above figure shows the structure diagram of PTM-50 system

application area

·Applied in research fields such as plant physiology, ecology, agriculture, horticulture, crop science, facility agriculture, water-saving agriculture, etc

·Compare the differences between different species and varieties

·Compare the effects of different treatments and cultivation conditions on plants

·Study the limiting factors of plant photosynthesis, transpiration, and growth

·Study the impact of growth environment on plants and their response to environmental changes

The above picture shows a photo of the host and circular blade chamber

Basic configuration composition

·1 × PTM-50 system console

·1 x power adapter

·1 x Battery Connection Cable

·1 × RTH-50 multifunctional sensor

·4 x LC-10R blade chamber, measuring an area of 10 cm2

·4 × 4-meter gas connection pipe

·2 × 1.5-meter stainless steel bracket

·Optional wireless sensor

·English software

·English description

TECHNICAL INDEX

·Working mode: automatic continuous measurement

·Leaf chamber sampling time: 20 seconds

·CO2 measurement principle: dual channel non dispersive infrared gas analyzer

·CO2 concentration measurement range: 0-1000 ppm

·Rated measurement range for CO2 exchange rate: -70-70 μ mol CO2 m-2 s-1

·H2O measurement principle: integrated air temperature and humidity sensor

·Leaf chamber air flow rate: 0.25L/min

·RTH-50 multifunctional sensor: temperature -10 to 60 ℃; Relative humidity: 3-100% RH; photosynthetically active radiation: 0-2500 μ molm-2s-1

·Measurement interval: 5-120 minutes, user-defined

·Storage capacity: 1200 pieces of data, can be stored for 25 days with a sampling frequency of 30 minutes

·Standard length of connecting pipe: 4m

·Power supply: 9 to 24 Vdc

·Communication method: 2.4GHz RF and 3G network communication

·Environmental protection level: IP55

·Optional blade chamber and sensor

1.LC-10R transparent blade chamber: circular blade chamber, area 10cm2, air flow rate 0.23 ± 0.05L/min

2.LC-10S transparent blade chamber: rectangular blade chamber, 13 × 77mm, 10cm2, air flow rate 0.23 ± 0.05L/min

3.MP110 chlorophyll fluorescence automatic monitoring module, capable of automatically monitoring chlorophyll fluorescence parameters such as Ft and QY

4.LT-1 Leaf Temperature Sensor: Measurement Range 0-50 ℃

5.LT-4 leaf surface temperature sensor: 4 LT-1 sensors integrated to estimate the average leaf surface temperature

6.LT IRz infrared temperature sensor: range 0-60 ℃, field of view 5:1

7.SF-4 Plant Stem Flow Sensor: Maximum 10ml/h, suitable for stems with a diameter of 2-5mm

8.SF-5 Plant Stem Flow Sensor: Maximum 10ml/h, suitable for stems with a diameter of 4-10mm

9.SD-5 stem micro change sensor: stroke 0 to 5mm, suitable for stems with a diameter of 5-25mm

10.SD-6 stem micro change sensor: stroke 0 to 5mm, suitable for stems with a diameter of 2-7cm

11.SD-10 stem micro change sensor: stroke 0 to 10mm, suitable for stems with a diameter of 2-7cm

12.DE-1 Tree Stem Growth Sensor: Travel 0 to 10mm, suitable for tree trunks with a diameter of 6cm or more

13.FI-L Large Fruit Growth Sensor: Range 30 to 160mm, suitable for round fruits

14.FI-M medium-sized fruit growth sensor: range 15 to 90mm, suitable for round fruits

15.FI-S Small Fruit Growth Sensor: Range 7 to 45mm, suitable for round fruits

16.FI-XS miniature fruit growth sensor: stroke 0 to 10mm, suitable for circular fruits with diameters of 4 to 30mm

17.SA-20 height sensor: range 0 to 50cm

18.SMTE soil moisture, temperature, and conductivity three parameter sensor: 0 to 100% vol.% WC; -40 to 50 ° C; 0 to 15 dS/m

19.PIR-1 photosynthetically active radiation sensor: wavelength 400 to 700nm, light intensity 0 to 2500 μ molm-1s-1

20.TIR-4 total radiation sensor: wavelength 300 to 3000nm, radiation 0 to 1200W/m2

21.ST-21 Soil Temperature Sensor: Range 0 to 50 ° C

22.LWS-2 blade humidity sensor: generates an indicator signal proportional to the surface humidity of the sensor

Software interface and data

The continuous changes in CO2 (CO2 Exchange), stem flow (SAP FLOW), transpiration rate (VPD), and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) within 24 hours are shown on the right side of the above figure, which cannot be achieved by portable photosynthetic apparatus

Application Cases

Net CO2 uptake rates for Hylocereus undatus and Selenicereus megalanthus under field conditions: Drought influence and a novel method for analyzing temperature dependence, Ben –Asher. J. et al. 2006, Photosynthetica, 44(2): 181-186

This study measured the changes in CO2 absorption rates of Hylocereus undatus (fruit of dragon fruit) and Selenicereus megalanthus at high temperatures, and analyzed their physiological and biochemical changes.

origin

Europe

Optional technical solutions

1)Composition of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence measurement system with chlorophyll fluorescence meter

2)Combined with FluorCam to form a photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging measurement system

3)Optional hyperspectral imaging for studying the spatiotemporal changes of photosynthesis from single leaf to composite canopy

4)Optional O2 measurement unit

5)Optional infrared thermal imaging unit for analyzing the dynamic conductivity of pores

6)Optional PSI intelligent LED light source

7)Optional handheld plant (leaf) measurement instruments such as FluorPen, SpectraPen, PlantPen, etc. can be used to comprehensively analyze the physiological and ecological characteristics of plant leaves

8)Optional ECODRONE ® Unmanned aerial vehicle platform equipped with hyperspectral and infrared thermal imaging sensors for spatiotemporal pattern investigation and research

Partial references

1.Song Zonghe, Zheng Wenyin, and Zhang Xuekun Principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation of drought tolerance related traits in Brassica napus Chinese Agricultural Science 44, 1775-1787 (2011)

2.Li Tingting, Jiang Chaohui, Min Wenfang, Jiang Guanyang&Rao Yuan Modeling and prediction of CO2 exchange rate in tomato leaves based on gene expression programming Zhejiang Agricultural Journal 28, 1616-1623 (2016)

3.Ton, Y. ADVANTAGES OF THE CONTINUOUS AROUND-THE-CLOCK MONITORING OF THE LEAF CO2 EXCHANGE IN PLANT RESEARCH AND IN CROP GROWING. 5

4.Jiang, Z. H., Zhang, J., Yang, C. H., Rao, Y. & Li, S. W. Comparison and Verification of Methods for Multivariate Statistical Analysis and Regression in Crop Modelling. in Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Electrical, Automation and Mechanical Engineering (Atlantis Press, 2015). doi:10.2991/eame-15.2015.163

5.Ben-Asher, J., Garcia y Garcia, A. & Hoogenboom, G. Effect of high temperature on photosynthesis and transpiration of sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. rugosa). Photosynthetica 46, 595–603 (2008).

6.Schmidt, U., Huber, C. & Rocksch, T. EVALUATION OF COMBINED APPLICATION OF FOG SYSTEM AND CO2 ENRICHMENT IN GREENHOUSES BY USING PHYTOMONITORING DATA. Acta Horticulturae 1301–1308 (2008).

7.Qian, T. et al. Influence of temperature and light gradient on leaf arrangement and geometry in cucumber canopies: Structural phenotyping analysis and modelling. Information Processing in Agriculture (2018). doi:10.1016/j.inpa.2018.11.002

8.Uwe Schmidt, Ingo Schuch, Dennis Dannehl, Thorsten Rocksch & Sonja Javernik. Micro climate control in greenhouses based on phytomonitoring data.pdf.

9.Turgeman, T. et al. Mycorrhizal association between the desert truffle Terfezia boudieri and Helianthemum sessiliflorum alters plant physiology and fitness to arid conditions. Mycorrhiza 21, 623–630 (2011).

10.Ben-Asher, J., Nobel, P. S., Yossov, E. & Mizrahi, Y. Net CO2 uptake rates for Hylocereus undatus and Selenicereus megalanthus under field conditions: Drought influence and a novel method for analyzing temperature dependence. Photosynthetica 44, 181–186 (2006).

11.Zhaohui, J., Jing, Z., Chunhe, Y., Yuan, R. & Shaowen, L. Performance of classic multiple factor analysis and model fitting in crop modeling. Biol Eng 9, 8

12.Ojha, T., Misra, S. & Raghuwanshi, N. S. Wireless sensor networks for agriculture: The state-of-the-art in practice and future challenges. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 118, 66–84 (2015).