Vertical lathes are large mechanical equipment used for processing large and heavy workpieces with large radial dimensions and relatively small axial dimensions, and complex shapes, such as cylindrical surfaces, end faces, conical surfaces, cylindrical holes, conical holes, etc. of various disc, wheel, and sleeve workpieces. Additional devices can also be used for machining such as threading, spherical surfaces, profiling, milling, and grinding. Compared with the horizontal lathe, the workpiece is added to the decoration inside the horizontal lathe, while the vertical lathe has a vertical layout of the shaft axis and the worktable is in the horizontal plane, so the installation and alignment of the work are more convenient. This layout reduces the load on the spindle and bearings, so the vertical lathe can maintain work accuracy for a longer period of time.