Given the continuous development of nuclear energy utilization and the widespread application of radioactive isotopes and radiation technology in China, the possibility of serious accidents occurring in nuclear facilities is still difficult to avoid. In order to reduce and prevent the damage caused by internal and external nuclear radiation to the staff at the accident site and the surrounding public, it is necessary to make medical emergency preparations for nuclear and radiation accidents and carry out drug intervention. The distribution of drugs for preventing and treating internal and external radiation damage in nuclear and radiation accidents plays an important role in ensuring the safety and health of workers and the general public, reducing the certainty caused by radiation, and minimizing the occurrence of random effects.

To this end, our unit has developed this emergency medicine kit in accordance with the "Health Emergency Plan for Nuclear and Radiation Accidents of the Ministry of Health", in order to quickly, effectively, and standardly carry out health emergency work for nuclear and radiation accidents, minimize casualties and social impact caused by accidents, ensure public health, and maintain social stability. This medicine box mainly includes drugs for preventing radiation damage, drugs for preventing the absorption of radioactive nuclides, drugs for promoting the elimination of radioactive nuclides, and drugs for early treatment of radiation accidents. The drugs stored in this medicine box comply with the relevant drug and food requirements of the National Medical Products Administration, ensuring the safety and effectiveness of the users. This medicine box integrates prevention, treatment and other drug equipment, and can be used for public prevention and early treatment of nuclear and radiation accidents. It can also serve as an emergency material reserve for national and local medical departments and radiation health institutions.

【 Composition of Medicine Box 】

（1） Preventive and therapeutic drugs for acute radiation injury

The function and use of Tremella fuciformis sugar capsules: This product has the effects of increasing white blood cells, resisting radiation damage, and improving the body's immune function. It has a good protective effect against acute radiation injury and can treat leukopenia caused by radiation injury.

（2） Drugs that prevent the absorption of radioactive nuclides

1. Function and use of potassium iodide tablets: The stable iodine in potassium iodide can prevent radioactive iodine from entering the thyroid gland in the body, thereby reducing the accumulation of radioactive iodine in the thyroid gland and lowering the radiation dose to the thyroid gland. It has a significant protective effect on the early deposition of radioactive iodine in the thyroid gland, generally reducing the radioactive activity in the thyroid gland by more than 85%. This product is specifically designed for the prevention and treatment of radioactive iodine required for nuclear and radiation emergencies, and is not commonly used as a medicine for treating other diseases.

2. Function and use of aluminum phosphate gel: aluminum phosphate gel is a commonly used acid making astringent, used for gastric and duodenal ulcers, and used as a radiostrontium absorption blocker. Its absorption blocking effect is high and stable. Animal experiments show that aluminum phosphate gel can reduce the accumulation of 85Sr in the body by 70%, while sodium alginate and aluminum phosphate can reduce the accumulation of 85Sr in the body by 50%, and the unabsorbed 85Sr is excreted from feces. Aluminum phosphate has the characteristics of both sexes, forming a protective film on the inner wall of the gastrointestinal tract to prevent the absorption of 85Sr. Aluminum salts also have a strong adsorption effect on 85Sr and are used as anti absorption drugs for radioactive strontium.

3. Effects and uses of composite soy protein powder (sodium alginate type): This product can react with ingested radioactive strontium and has a certain protective effect on oral mucosal damage caused by gamma rays. It is mainly used for accidental ingestion of large amounts of radioactive strontium, barium, radium nuclides, or when staying or working in environments severely contaminated with radioactive strontium and other nuclides.

4. Function and use of composite soy protein powder (pectin type): Pectin can adsorb bile and heavy metals in bile and block the hepatic intestinal circulation of heavy metals; Pectin can directly adsorb inhaled radioactive nuclide cesium; Pectin cannot be digested by digestive juices and is more conducive to the elimination of radioactive isotopes from the body.

（3） Promote the elimination of radioactive isotopes from drugs

1. Effects and uses of calcium sodium edetate injection: This product is a chelating agent that can selectively bind with radioactive nuclides such as rare earths, transuranic acid, and ultraplutonium that enter the human body, forming a complex with low dissociation degree, high solubility, and strong diffusion force. It is excreted through urine, thereby reducing the deposition of radioactive nuclides in the body and reducing damage. Mainly used for accelerating the removal of radioactive nuclide contamination mentioned above.

2. Use of dihydrochlorothiazide tablets: It can promote the excretion of sodium chloride by the kidneys and produce diuretic effects, which can accelerate the excretion of radioactive isotopes entering the body.

（4） Symptomatic treatment drugs

Metoclopramide tablets are used as a antiemetic medicine. Mainly used for symptomatic treatment of symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, belching, indigestion, gastric distension, and excessive stomach acid caused by various etiologies.

【 Execution Standard 】 Q/12NK5116-2015